Burner for liquid fuels



March 10, 1936- v k. HUMPOLETZ 2,033,714

BURNER FOR LIQUID FUELS I Filed May 25, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 'NVghl lg /m W W March 10, 1936.

K. HUMPOL ETZ 4 BURNER FOR LIQUID FUELS Filed May 26; 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I M/Erin Patented Mar. 10, 1936 UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE BURNER FOR LIQUID FUELS Application May 26, 1932, Serial No. 613,741

. In Austria June 5, 1931 4 Claims. (01. 158-88) This invention relates to a burner for liquid fuels and has for its object to provide a device for conveniently regulating the size of the flame within wide limits, the arrangement being such that a steadily burning flame free from soot is obtained whatever the size of theflame. The

invention is applicable both to burners with a I wick adapted to be raised and lowered and in burners in which the wick consisting of almost .10 unburnable material is stationary and the fuel level itself can be raised or lowered.

Covering devices for the wick have already been proposed for reducing the burning surface of the wick. The regulating effect obtained by such devices is, however, very limited. Moreover the sooting occurring when the wick is lowered for further reduction of the flame is not avoided thereby.

The burner according to the present invention comprises a device for covering, and forming a chamber surrounding the burner surface, the device and wick being arranged to be movable relatively to one another to extinguish the flame burning at the wick itself, the vapours then issuing through openings provided in the chamber and beingspontaneously ignited to form another flame outside the openings, so thata smaller flame disrupted from the original burning surface is formed which, if desired, may be furthermore reduced by increasing the distance of. the original burning surface from the said openings. This may be done, for instance, by lowering the wick, whereby the evaporation is reduced and the flame is furthermore decreased I in size to any desired extent.

The covering member may be constructed in various ways. Such a covering device is used with special advantage in the case of burners which are provided with a safety-disc of a known kind which rests on the wick and is provided with perforations above which the flame burns and prevents the flame striking back to the part of the wick lying below the disc. In this case the covering member may for instance be a rotatable regulating disc which is mounted just above the safety disc and which on being turned, gradually covers the perforations in the safety disc like a rotary slide valve. Alternatively a solid regulating disc may be disposed above the safety disc and at a distance from it, the covering action being produced by approaching one disc towards the other.

This way of regulating has the advantage in the case of burners without a safety disc that the transference of the heat of the flame to the fuel reservoir is greatly reduced owing to the separation of the flame from the wick, while in the case of burners having a safety disc there is the advantage that on the wick being lowered an undesirable admission of air through the combustion openings in the disc into the combustion chamber is prevented.

In the accompanying drawings several constructional examples of the invention are shown.

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of one form 10 of the invention.

Fig. 2 is an elevation of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1. I Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3-3 of Fig. l. 15

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a modification.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the arrangement shown in Fig. 4..

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view of a third 20 embodiment of the invention.

Referring to the drawings in detail the numeral I l indicates that a safety disc resting on the supporting cylinder l6 supports the perforated cylinders I1, I 8 which form the combustion chamber 2.5 and the outer protecting cylinder IS. The safety disc I l rests on the wick 2 and is provided with perforations l2. The disc H is provided with lateral openings l5. All three cylinders are connected together by a pin 2| so as to form a unit which is 30 capable of being turned with respect to the safety disc II. To the lower conically tapering part of the cylinder I! 9, regulating disc 20 is fixed, which lies close above the safety disc II and is provided with similar perforations I2. 35

When the regulating disc 20. is in its normal position its perforations l2 register with the perforations I! in the safety disc. On the cylinders l1, l8, l9 and along with them the regulating disc 20 being turned by means of the handle 22, 40 the perforations'l2 are gradually covered by the bridging pieces of the regulating disc in the manner of a rotary slide valve (Fig. 3) the vapours becoming spontaneously ignited at the apertures IS. The position of the regulating disc .is indi- 45 cated by the handle 22 which is constructed so as to form a pointer coacting with a scale provided on the outer flange 23 of the safety disc (Fig. 2). After the combustion openings I 2 have been completely closed the wick may be 50 lowered by the wick lifter 24. On the latter a pointer 25 is slidable, which is held on the wick lifter 24 by the friction of a leaf spring 25a which presses against the wick lifter. The pointer 25 thus takes part in the motion of the wick within '55 the range of the fixed scale 26 and indicates the amount by which the wick has been lowered out of its top position, that is away from the regulating disc. 0n striking against one of the two lugs 26a or 26b the pointer is, however, brought to rest and is thereby caused to slide positively with respect to the wick. lhis displacement allows for the change in the length of wick due to wear and the consequent variability in the total lift of the wick. The manner in which the regulating device operates will be obvious from what has been said above.

In Figsji and 5 the regulating disc 21 which is fixed to the cylinder Fla. is provided only in its conical extension with small perforations 21a. for the escape of the vapour. The cylinders ila, I81; and Mia. are in this case rotatable and also capable of vertical adjustment. They are operated by a handle 29 on the lever 28, the horizontal part of the lever 28 which is fixed to the cylinder i911. being guided in an inclined slot 30 in the flange 23a of the safety disc ila. For

igniting the flame the handle 29 is moved tov the right (Fig. 5), the regulating-disc 21 with the cylinders Ila, l8a, I90: being raised into the top position. For effecting regulation the regulating disc 21 is lowered into the position shown, causing the flame burning above the perforations I241. in the'safety disc to become extinguished and the ascending vapours to become ignited at the openings I50. in the safety disc Ha or 21a in the regulating. disc 21. In this case for lowering the wick a pinion 32 is provided, which is adapted to be operated by'a hand wheel 3i and engages in teeth provided in the wick tube 0. To the hand wheel Si is connected by means of a springloaded slip coupling or the like the scale disc 33,

which bears at the back a pin 35 adapted to strike against a fixed stop 34 for limiting the lift of the wick, and indicates with respect to a fixed pointer 36, independently of the extent to which the wick is worn, how far the wick has been lowered away from the regulating disc.

In theburner shown in Fig. 6 a regulating disc 21b is provided, similar to that in Fig. 5 with the difference, however, that the cylinders i'lb, I821, I917 together with the regulating disc 21b are stationary, while the safety disc lib is capable of being raised and lowered. The safety disc lib is provided with a downwardly extending fiange 31 which in the position shown rests on stops 38 of the supporting cylinder i6b. In this position of the burner the wick is ignited through the perforations iZb in the safety disc lib. when the fiame is to be reduced the wick is raised, which carries the safety disc lib resting on it along with it. When in its top position the safety disc bears against the regulating disc 21b, whereby the perforations in; are closed and the fiame is formed in the manner described at the holes i5b in the safety disc lib or at the holw 21c in the regulating disc 21b. The wick can now belowered to any desired extent, and the safety disc will, however, not follow it, as it is held in its top position by the spring 39 bearing against the supporting cylinder SD. For

lowering the safety disc lib, the lock formed by.

the spring 39 is released by any suitable device which need not be moreparticularly described. It will be seen that the double regulating operations required in the case of the constructional forms according to Figs. 1-5, namely the actua-' tion of the regulating disc and of the wick, are in this case effected by merely raising or lowering the wick, the correct sequence of the regulating operations being ensured, namely first the closure of the perforations i2 and then the lowering of the wick away from the safety disc. For raising or lowering the wick, means are provided similar to those shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5.

What I claim is:

1. A wick burner for heating purposes comprising a fuel reservoir, an annular wick guide, a wick projecting from said guide, a ring-shaped safety-disc having an upwardly projecting, annular hollow boss embracing the top of the wick at a distance above the guide, said boss having apertures exposing the top of the wick to permit the burning of a flame therefrom and having additional apertures arranged laterally of and beneath the first mentioned apertures and providing a gas discharge passage for vapors emitted from said wick, perforated sleeves removably arranged above the wick and forming a combustion chamber for the vapors discharged from said wick, means for covering the first mentioned apertures carried by one of said sleeves, means for altering the relative position of said sleeves and covering means to said safety disc to cover said first mentioned apertures and thereby to extinguish the flame burning on said wick and to continue burner operation by consuming only the vapors discharged from said additional apertures, and means for adjusting the wick relatively to said disc.

2. A wick burner as claimed in claim 1 characterized by the provision of means for rotating said covering means relative to said safety disc, said covering means having apertures corresponding gith the first mentioned apertures of the safety 3. A wick burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said coveringmeans includes an imperforate portion disposed above the first mentioned apertures of the safety disc, said imperforate portion of said covering means being adapted to cover the first mentioned apertures of the safety disc when said disc and covering means are brought together.

4. A wickburner as claimed in claim 1 characterized in that said covering means is provided with an imperforate portion disposed above the first mentioned apertures in the safety disc, said sleeves and covering means being stationary and said safety disc being movable relatively thereto, said means for altering the relative position being operable to move the safety disc and wick, and means for retaining said safety disc in its raised position in .contact with said covering means.

KARL HUMPOLETZ. 

